Global Landscape of Fuel Subsidies and Price Control

Oil price increases that began in late 2020 have led to a global proliferation of liquid fuel subsidies and price controls, as governments sought to reduce, redistribute, or delay the impact of rising and volatile energy prices on consumers. This report draws on two new global databases developed by the World Bank to examine petroleum product pricing regimes and consumer price subsidies implemented in 154 economies since 2021. It provides valuable findings and actionable insights to help policymakers in their ongoing efforts to reform fuel pricing mechanisms and phase out subsidies.