Lower-GWP Alternatives in Commercial and Transport Refrigeration: An expanded compilation of propane, CO2, ammonia and HFO case studies

This publication comprises two sections.

Section 1 on commercial refrigeration, specifically retail food refrigeration firstly provides a brief sector overview and includes six new case studies and the original five case studies. The information is presented in a consistent and structured manner for each case study to allow easy comparison and cross-referencing. These new case studies cover a carbon dioxide (CO2) / hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) blend cascade system, two different ammonia and CO2 cascade systems, a CO2 transcritical system, a propane system, and a retrofit of a centralised direct expansion refrigeration systems from an HFC to a lower GWP HFC/HFO-blend refrigerant.

Section 2 provides an overview of the Transport Refrigeration Cold Food Chain sector and three case studies on transport refrigeration. These cover two CO2 systems and a liquid nitrogen system.